Eye rods and cones diagram8/23/2023 ![]() The fovea is located in a small avascular zone and receives most of its oxygen from the vessels in the choroid, which is across the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane. ![]() The foveal pit is surrounded by the foveal rim that contains the neurons displaced from the pit. This anatomy is responsible for the depression in the center of the fovea. This allows the light to be sensed without any dispersion or loss. Within the fovea is a region of 0.5mm diameter called the foveal avascular zone (an area without any blood vessels). The fovea is a depression in the inner retinal surface, about 1.5 mm wide, the photoreceptor layer of which is entirely cones and which is specialized for maximum visual acuity. The term fovea comes from Latin fovea 'pit'. The parafovea extends to a radius of 1.25 mm from the central fovea, and the perifovea is found at a 2.75 mm radius from the fovea centralis. ![]() Īpproximately half the nerve fibers in the optic nerve carry information from the fovea, while the remaining half carry information from the rest of the retina. That, in turn, is surrounded by a larger peripheral area, which delivers highly compressed information of low resolution following the pattern of compression in foveated imaging. The perifovea contains an even more diminished density of cones, having 12 per 100 micrometres versus 50 per 100 micrometres in the most central fovea. The parafovea is the intermediate belt, where the ganglion cell layer is composed of more than five layers of cells, as well as the highest density of cones the perifovea is the outermost region where the ganglion cell layer contains two to four layers of cells, and is where visual acuity is below the optimum. The fovea is surrounded by the parafovea belt and the perifovea outer region. The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving. It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina. The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.
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